I tried several other browsers but none could hold a candle to the power and productivity of Wavebox. PROSĪs our nonprofit began helping more and more nonprofits with the migration to cloud-based services, keeping all the various user accounts separated into Chrome profiles was fast becoming unwieldly. This product WILL save you precious time and frustration keeping your accounts organized. There aren't too many software products that are a MUST HAVE in my opinion, but I can tell you this - Wavebox is ABSOLUTELY ESSENTIAL if your work involves doing ANYTHING on the internet with multiple accounts and/or multiple clients. ) when used in combination are sufficient to identify an isolate as Proteus species.I have been amazed with and Wavebox for as long as I've been using the software. Gram staining, colony characteristics in culture media, and above mentioned biochemical tests (indole production, urease production, H 2S production, and more importantly, phenyl pyruvic acid (PPA), etc. Find more about Dienes phenomenon in “ small things considered blog.” Identification: This phenomenon is of value in differentiating the two strains of Proteus for epidemiological purposes. mirabilis swarm on the same agar plate, a visible demarcation line with lower cell density forms at the intersection, and this line is known as a Dienes line (after Louis Dienes, who described the phenomenon in 1946) BUT when two identical isolates meet, the swarming edges merge without formation of a Dienes line. Proteus mirabilis is well known for its ability to differentiate into hyperflagellated, motile, and elongated swarmer cells rapidly spreading over a surface. Using cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) agar as a sole medium instead of MacConkey agar and blood agar to process urine samples.incorporation of chloral hydrate (1:500), sodium azide (1:500), and boric acid (1:1000) in the medium.increase in agar concentration in the medium, raising it to 6% instead of 1-2%.Several methods have been used to inhibit swarming. Swarming properties of Proteus present problems in the diagnostic laboratory when mixed growth is present in which Proteus is one of the isolate. Proteus does not swarm in the MacConkey agar medium and forms smooth, pale or colorless (NLF) colonies. Proteus grows on the Blood agar plate in successive waves to form a thin filmy layer of concentric circles ( swarming). For pus & urine samples, blood agar and MacConkey agar are commonly used. The sample should be collected in a sterile container maintaining aseptic conditions and reach the laboratory within an hour of collection.Ĭulture: The choice of the culture media used to isolate the etiological agents depends on the nature of the specimen and suspected pathogens. For UTI, a midstream urine sample is used, and for pyogenic lesions, it is the pus aspirate. The sample used for the isolation and identification of the Proteus species depends on the nature of the disease/site of infections. Pale or colourless (NLF) colonies Motility Swarming motility Swarming motility Lactose fermentation No No Indole production No Yes Urease production Yes Yes H2S production Yes Yes Laboratory Diagnosis & Identification Properties Proteus mirabilis Proteus vulgaris Colony characteristics in MacConkey Agar With further testing by spot indole, the positive isolates may be presumptively reported as Proteus vulgaris and the negative ones as Proteus mirabilis. Organisms that swarm on 5% sheep blood agar, exhibit a characteristic odor, and are oxidase negative can be presumptively identified as Proteus spp. Biochemical Properties of Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris These Proteus strains are used in an agglutination test (the Weil-Felix test) for serum antibodies produced against rickettsiae of the typhus and spotted fever groups. The bacilli possess thermostable, ‘O’ (somatic) and thermostable ‘H’ (flagellar) antigens, based upon which several serotypes have been recognized.Ĭertain strains of Proteus vulgaris(OX-19, OX-2, and OX-K) produce O antigens that some rickettsiae share. Stag (male deer) and Staghorn calculi ( source) Antigenic characteristics Recurrent urinary tract infections with a urease-producing organism (mostly I species) result in the formation of staghorn calculi in the kidney. The ammonia produced after the breakdown of the urea results in struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) stone formation. Urease enzyme produced by Proteus species is thought to play a major role in the production of infection-induced urinary stones. Deaminates phenylalanine to phenyl pyruvic acid.Ferments glucose but does not ferment lactose.Identification: Characteristics of Proteus spp.Biochemical Properties of Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |